During the summer season, it is common for families to get over excited about the warm weather and forget about their elder loved ones that may need a little encouragement to get out and enjoy the beautiful weather. The sun is a primary source of Vitamin D, which helps support bone health, muscle functioning, and brain activity. The geriatric population is largely at risk of declining bone health, cognitive functioning, and depression. Vitamin D deficiency has been found to be linked to weak muscle, weak bones, and depression. 

Unfortunately, as seniors age, they are forced to take a multitude of medications to maintain adequate functioning. Many of these medications can have extremely aversive side effects that may further catalyze physical decline. Natural sunlight can be a natural and more enjoyable means for seniors to enhance their well-being. 

Bone & Muscle Health

According to the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vitamin D deficiency is associated with muscle weakness and common among elderly people. Muscles are a crucial organ in the body that serves a multitude of functions. It is believed by health professionals that strong muscles are the fountain of youth. Sufficient muscle functioning supports a healthy metabolism. As seniors age, they engage in less physical activities and become sedentary. The decline in physical activity increases the risk of weak muscles. The weakened muscles can increase the risk of falls leading to broken bones and fractures.  According to the International Society for Clinical Densitometry, Vitamin D deficiency is linked to fragility fractures and bone pain. Bone weakness increases the risk of broken bones, fractures, and long-term pain. These incidents can increase medical cost and result in seniors taking more medication to treat injuries and manage pain. Bones and muscles work together to maintain the health of the body. Regular engagement in aerobics, running and walking can help build bone mass. Utilizing Vitamin D from direct sunlight can support the health of bones and muscles concurrently.  The optimal functioning of both can enable them to best work together to maintain the health of the body. 

Brain Functioning & Depression

It is no secret that the sun can quickly brighten anyone's day. However, there is scientific evidence for the positive effects of Vitamin D from the sun and its impact on brain functioning. Research has shown that lower vitamin D blood levels are linked to higher risk of cognitive impairment.  In a study conducted by the Human Research Center on Aging, higher vitamin D levels were found to be associated with better executive functioning performance. The elderly population is at higher risk for developing depression linked to medical issues and life transitions. Vitamin D from the sun has been shown to increase serotonin levels, a neurotransmitter responsible for keeping depression at bay. Depression is commonly treated with psychotropic medications. However, regular exposure to natural sunlight can increase serotonin in the brain. It is common for elderly people to become complacent in “shutting in” or staying inside and avoiding activities outdoors. Consequentially, this behavior increases the risk of developing and maintaining symptoms of depression. It is essential for relatives and caregivers of elderly persons to prompt and encourage them to do more activities outdoors during daylight hours. The summertime is the best time to assist elderly people with planning activities outdoors. As serotonin levels increase, depressive symptoms begin to subside, and this increases the likelihood that elderly persons will discontinue “shut in” behaviors. 

Getting Elders Out the Door

To successfully get elderly loved ones out of their hermit habits, it can be beneficial to plan their favorite activities and encourage them to go outdoors. These activities include reading, puzzles, bingo, and coffee/tea. Additionally, it could be beneficial to encourage clients to do light gardening or repotting plants. Higher temperatures in the summertime can increase the risk of dehydration. It is important that you ensure that elder persons are adequately hydrated prior and during activities in the summertime. Additionally, encourage activities after the sun has passed. Make sure loved ones have an adequate amount of sunscreen to prevent sun damage from ultra-violet rays. Sun damage can also be avoided by encouraging protective gear such as hats and sunglasses. Initially, it may be challenging getting loved ones outside of their isolation routine. However, getting the loved one outside is half the battle. Once they begin to experience enhancements in their physical health and mental health they may initiate outdoor activities without prompting!